Review of lessons 13-15

ҳара' we (first person plural pronoun), (short form ҳ(а)-) уара ҳара иҳа'уҭеит it (inanimate class) you (a man) gave us; А'дгәыр иҳа'иҭеит Адгур it (inanimate class) gave us. Ҳара' ҳцеит. We are going. Ҳара' иааҳге'ит. It (inanimate class) we brought.
аҳара' hear. Сара' исаҳауе'ит. I hear. Сара' исаҳа'ит. I heard.
аҳа'уа air; climate. Ара' аҳа'уа бзи'оуп. Here is good air (climate).
аҳа'бла village. Ари' аҳа'блаҟны сҩы'за дынхо'ит. My friend lives in this village.
аҳақьы'м doctor. Сашьа' дҳақьы'муп. My brother is a doctor.
аҳала'л kind. Ка'ма дҳала'луп. Kama is kind.
аҳҭны'қалақь capital. Аҧсны' аҳҭны'қалақь А'ҟәа а'уп. The capital of Abkhazia is Sukhum.
аҳәара' talk, say. Сара' исҳәо'ит. I will say. Сара' иба'сҳәоит. I'll tell you (a woman).
а'ҳәара ask. Сара' Алха'с си'ҳәеит. I asked Alkhas.
ҳәа particle introducing another person's statement into a sentence (= that). Дце'ит ҳәа са'лҳәеит. She said that he left.
аҧҳәы'с woman; wife; а'ҳәса women.
а'(е)ҳәшьа sister. Ка'ма саҳәшьа' ло'уп. Kama (is) my sister. Кама дсаҳәшьо'уп. Kama is my sister.
аҳәынҭ6а'рра state; nation. ҳара' ҳҳәынҭқа'рра Аҧсны' а'уп. Our state is Abkhazia
адҵа' exercise; task. Адҵа' сы'рҭеит. I was given a task.
аҵаҩы' student; pupil. Сара' сҵаҩу'п. I am a student.
арҵаҩы' teacher. Сырҵаҩы' адҵа' сы'лҭеит. My teacher gave me an assignment.
аҵа'ра learning; studies. Аҵа'ра – лаша'роуп, аҵ'арадара лашьца'роуп. Learning is light, ignorance is darkness.
аҵара' learn. Сара' аҵа'ра сҵо'ит. I'm studying.
а'ҵла tree. Ари' а'ҵла ду'уп. This tree is big.
аҵа'ара freeze. А'мҩақәа ҵа'аит. The roads are frozen.
а'ҟаҵара do. Сырҵаҩы' исы'лҭаз адҵа' ҟасҵо'ит. I am doing/will do the task that my teacher gave me.
аҵкы' dress (woman's). Аҵкы' ҟаҧшьу'п. Red dress.
азҵаа'ра question. Аҵаҩы' арҵаҩы' азҵаа'ра ли'ҭеит. A student asked a question to the teacher.
а'зҵаара ask. Аҵаҩы' арҵаҩы' дла'зҵааит. The student asked the teacher.
аҵәа' apple. Аҵәа' ҟаҧшьу'п. The apple is red.
а'ҵәахра hide. Сара' сҵәа ҟаҧшь сҵәахи'т. I hid my red apple.
аҵәыҵәы' sour. Ари' аҵәа' ҵәыҵәу'п. This apple is sour.
аҵәу'ара cry. Ҭа'ли дҵәу'еит. Tali is crying.
а'еҵәа (аиаҵәа \ аиеҵәа) general term for blue and green; star.
уаҵәы' tomorrow
шәара' you (second person plural), you (form of polite address). (short form шә(а)-) Шәара шәабацои? Where are you going?
ашәахьа' Monday. Уаҵәы' шәахьо'уп. Tomorrow is Monday.
ашәҟәы' book. Ари' ашәҟәы' сҩы'за иси'ҭеит. My friend gave me this book.
а'шәҭра blossom (ишәҭуе'ит, ишәҭи'т). А'ҵлақәа шәҭит. The trees have blossomed.
ашәҭ flower. Ашәҭ шәҭит. The flower has bloomed.
ашәҵара' dress, put on. Наа'ла аҵкы' ҟаҧшь лшәы'лҵеит. Naala wore a red dress.
ашәы'хра take off (clothes). Наа'ла лыҵкы' ҟаҧшь лшәы'лхит. Naala took off her red dress.
а'ҧсшәа Abkhazian language (synonym а'ҧсуа бызшәа)
а'ҧсшәа аҳәара' greet. А'ҧсшәа сҳәе'ит. I greeted. А'ҧсшәа иа'ҳҳәеит. We greeted him. А'ҧсшәа еибы'рҳәеит. (They) greeted (each other). А'ҧсшәа еиба'ҳҳәеит. We greeted.
ашәы'р fruit. Ашәы'р ҟале'ит. The fruits are ripe.
а'жәа word
жәацы' the day before yesterday
а'жәра drink. Аҩы' зжәуе'ит. I drink wine.
ажәра' cook. Акәа'ц (и)зжәит. I cooked meat.
а'аҧын spring. Иаа'ит аа'ҧын. Spring has come.
аха' but, however

Exercise 1
Translate into English.

1.Сара аҧсуа бызшәа сҵоит. 2. Жәацы иҟалазеи?
3. Аҵла абҕьы каҧсеит.
4. Сырҵаҩы исылҭаз адҵа ҟасҵеит.
5. Сара сиазҵааит – Шәабацои? – ҳәа.
6. Иара иҩны бзиоуп ҳәа сеиҳәеит.
7. Ахьҭа сакит, аҩныҟа ҳаҩналап.
8. Аҟәа Аҧсны аҳәынҭқарра аҳҭнықалақь ауп.
9. Зегьы ирҳәоит, саҳәшьа дуаҩы ҳалалуп ҳәа.
10. Адгәыр иҳаиҭеит ақьаад бҕьыц.
(Answers)

Exercise 2
Translate into Abkhazian.

1. Kama, come here, I'll show you my dog.
2. We saw off Kama.
3. I'm studying at school.
4. We're learning Abkhazian language.
5. What's happened? Naala is crying.
6. Gunda is my friend's wife.
7. Akhra said that he was going home.
8. Tomorrow is Monday, I have to go to work.
9. Yesterday I saw Kama.
(Answers)

Exercise 3
Finish the dialogues.

1. Шәара шәабацои?
..................
2. Кама, ара бызгылои?
..................
3.Бааи, Наала, сыюҩны бсырбап.
..................
4.Уццакы, Ахра, Наала даауеит.
..................
5.Наала, ибзианы аҵара бҵома?
..................
6. Жәацы иҟалазеи?
..................

Exercise 4
Expand the situation: you're going to school. Try making up a dialogue!

Exercise 5
Find the errors and fix them.

1. Сырҵаҩы сара адҵа улҭеит.
2. Сашьа аҵәа лҵәахит.
3. Ахра ҳара аҧсшәа иҳәеит.
4. Наала сцеит ҳәа иҳәеит.
5. Адгәыр иаҳәшьа иҵәуеит.
6. Ари аҳаблаҟны сҩыза сынхоит.
7. Сара жәацы сырҵаҩы бызбеит.
8. Иара иццакуеит аусурахь дцароуп.
9. Иара иҩыза бнаскьазгеит.
10. Зегьы ара дынхоит.
(Answers)

Congratulations! You have passed another important stage of repetition.
Goodbye! Абзиараз!