Lesson 8
- Contents:
- Interrogative pronouns
- Consolidation
- ианба? when? (interrogative pronoun)
- Сара аусурахь сцоит. I go to work.
- Ианба? When? Иахьа. Today
The interrogative pronoun ианба? when?, when it joins with a verb, creates a new word.
For example: ианба? when? + ацара to go = санбацеи? when did I go? (сара+ианба+ацара+ и interrogative particle.
Уанбацеи?
When did you (a man) go?
(Уара
+
ианба
+
ацара
+
и);
Банбацеи?
When did you (a woman) go?
(Бара
+
ианба
+
ацара
+
и);
Данбацеи?
When did he/she go?
If the construction logic is clear to you, let's try and use it with some well known verbs.
уанбаигеи?
When did he collect you?
уара you (a man)
+
анба
+
иара he
+
агара
take (collect)
+
и
interrogative particle.
уанбааи?
When did you (a man) come?
банбааи?
When did you (a woman) come?
абара "to see"
Ианбазбеи?
When did I (a man) see?
By these models you can form words, and from others interrogative pronouns.
for example: иаба? where?
Ахра,
сла
убама?
Akhra, have you seen my dog?
Ааи,
избеит.
Yes, I've seen her.
Иаба?
Where?
/
(Иабаубеи?)
Where + have you (a man) + seen + her?
Ула
сашьа
имоуп.
Your dog is with my brother.
Саба'убеи?
Where did you (a man) see me?
(Here are two people - you and me,
it translates literally as
me (с)
+
where (и)аба
+
you (у)
+
to see (ба >бе)
+
и interrogative particle).
Даба'убеи?
Where did you see him/her?
(literally: him/her where you see?)
ацара to go
даба'цеи? where did he/she go?
агара to take
уаба'игеи? where did he take you (a man)?;
иаба'угеи where did he take it?
аара to come
уаба'аи? where did you (a man) come to?
Саба'аи? Where did I (a man) come to?
абара to see
Иаба'збеи?
Where did I see (it)? (literally: it where I see).
Exercise 1
Try and make a dialog using interrogative pronouns. For example:
Ахра, иахьа Кама дубама? Ааи, дызбеит. Дабаубеи? Кама ана аус луеит...
Exercise 2
Read and mark the correct translation.
| Бара ианба'ббеи? |
When shall I take it? Where are you (a man) going? When is she coming? When did you (a woman) see it? Where are you (a man) going? |
| Сара ианба'згои? |
When shall I take it? Where are you (a man) going? When will she take it? When will he see it? When will you (a man) come? |
| Уара иаба'убеи? |
When did he see it? Where are you (a man) going? Where are you looking? Where did you (a man) see it? Where did she take it? |
Exercise 3
Translate these words.
- санба'цеи?
- банба'аи?
- ианба'лгои?
- ианбазгои?
- санба'убеи?
- уаба'цеи?
- саба'аи?
- иаба'згои?
- даба'ауеи?
- даба'ҧшуеи?
- даба'ццакуеи?
- даба'убеи?
Exercise 4
Remove the brackets and make these expressions in Abkhazian.
Example:
Уара
(иаба+агара)
-
Уара
иабаугеи?
Сара
(иаба+ацара)?
Лара
(ианба+ацара)?
Уара
(ианба+агара)?
Иара
(иаба+агара)?
Лара
(ианба+аара)?
Иара
(иаба+аара)?
Бара
(ианба+абара)?
Сара
(ианба+абара)?
(Answers)
Exercise 5
Translate into Abkhazian.
1. When are you (a man) leaving?
2. When is she coming?
3. When did you (a woman) see it?
4. Where did you (a woman) see it?
5. Where did he/she/it go?
(Answers)
Exercise 6
Translate into English.
1. Уабацои?
2. Лара
данбаауеи?
3. Бара
иабаббеи?
4. Бара
ианббаббеи?
5. Уара
уанбацои?
6. Ала
(и)анбацеи?
7. Лара
дабаццакуеи?
(Answers)
Exercise 7
Complete the dialog, using the vocabulary of the previous lesson.
- Мшыбзиа, Кама!
- ...
- Бабацои?
- ...
- Кама, Ахра дыббама?
- ...
- Данбаббеи?
- ...
- Бара быццакуама?
- ...
- Бааи, машьынала бызгоит.
- ...
Exercise 8
Join the words in the left column with the right to make a phrase you already know.
| Кама сара иара сашьа лара сара |
сабаубеи дабаубеи данбааи дабаццакуеи иабазгои ианбабгеи |
Exercise 9
Tick
()
what you hear.
| Дабацеи? | Иабеигеи? |
| Данбацеи? | Ианбеигеи? |
| Уанбазгои? | Ианбаббеи? |
| Ианбазгои? | Иабаббеи? |
| Санбаубеи? | Дабаццакуеи? |
| Сабаубеи? | Иабаццакуеи? |
| Данбаауеи? | Иабазго? |
| Дабаауеи? | Ианбазгои? |
Remember that the letters аи / иа change to ие / еи / е. That's why the root ба (абара) + и = беи, the root га (агара) + и = геи. Иабеигеи? Ианбе'игеи?
New words
иаба'? where?
ианба'? when?